LIGHT

Light makes the world seem bright and colourful to our eyes.

• Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation that carries energy from a source (something that makes light) at the very high speed of 300,000 kps (186,000 miles per second, or 670 million mph).
• Light rays travel from their source in straight lines.
• Although they can pass through some objects, they bounce off others or pass around them to make SHADOWS.

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LIGHT AND MATERIALS

REFLECTION OF LIGHT

 

 

ENERGY  SOURCES
Humans use energy from many different sources. They harness the power of wind, water, and sunlight. Plants and animals provide energy in the form of food. People also burn oil, coal, and natural gas for energy. They get nuclear energy from uranium atoms.

ENERGY

We need energy for everything we do.

 

There are many different forms of energy:

 

FORCES

A force can be a push or a pull. It is not something you can see or touch but you can see it in action.

Forces make things move, stop or change shape.

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Gravity is the force that pulls all objects towardas the centre of the Earth.

Friction is the force that acts between two surfaces that rub against each other. Friction slows down moving objects. There is less fiction on smooth surfaces than on rough surfaces.

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CHANGES OF STATE
Matter can change if we heat it or we cool it.

• solid + heat = liquid
• liquid + heat = gas
• liquid + cool = solid

 

COMBUSTION
Combustion is a quemical reaction that happens when something burns. It produces light and heat.
We need three things:

• fuel: a material that can burn
• something to start the combustion: a sparkle
• oxygen

MATTER

Matter is everything that occupies space. Matter has two properties: mass and volume.

• Mass of an object is how much matter it has. We measure mass in kilograms.
• Volume of an object is how much space it occupies. We measure volume in litres.

• Density measures how much matter there is in a specific volume.

Matter can be a pure substance or a mixture.

• Pure substances are formed from just one type of matter.
• Mixtures are formed from various components or various types of matter.

STATES OF MATTER

Matter can be found in three states: solid, liquid or gas.

• solid: it has got its own shape and shape doesn´t change.
• liquid: it takes the form of its container.
• gas: it expands to fill the space.

 

 

MATERIALS

Let´s see some example of materials:

PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

let´s see some links

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